محدودیت‌های مؤثر بر رفتار سازگاری کشاورزان با کم‌آبی (مورد مطالعه: شهرستان شوشتر)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

تغییرات آب و هوایی تهدیدی برای امنیت آب، منابع آبی و دسترسی به آب­هاست و از این رو یکی از تهدیدات عمدۀ بخش کشاورزی تلقی می‌شود. کشاورزان توانایی متفاوتی برای اجرای استراتژی‌های سازگاری دارند و هزینه­های مالی و غیر مالی بر رفتار انسان تأثیر می‌گذارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی عوامل محدودکننده مؤثر بر رفتار سازگاری کشاورزان شهرستان شوشتر در مواجهه با تغییرات آب و هوایی انجام شد. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش کشاورزان شهرستان شوشتر بودند که 251 نفر از آن‌ها بر اساس جدول بارتلت به عنوان نمونۀ آماری انتخاب شدند. برای انتخاب نمونۀ مورد مطالعه از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی متناسب بهره گرفته شد. ابزار گرد‌آوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامه‌ای محقق‌ساخت بود که روایی صوری آن توسط متخصصان تأیید و پایایی آن با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بررسی شد (73/0-43/0). نتایج نشان داد متغیرهای خطر درک‌شده و خودکارآمدی تأثیر مستقیم، مثبت و معنا‌داری بر حفاظت از خود داشته‌اند. همچنین حفاظت از خود، تأثیر مستقیم مثبت و معنا‌داری بر متغیر رفتار سازگاری داشت. می­توان استدلال کرد متغیرهای درک خطر و خودکارآمدی تأثیر غیر مستقیم معنا‌داری نیز بر رفتار سازگاری کشاورزان دارند. در مجموع مدل پیشنهادی تحقیق توانسته است 35 درصد از تغییر‌پذیری متغیر رفتار سازگاری را تبیین کند. بر اساس یافته­ها افزایش آگاهی و اطلاعات کشاورزان در زمینۀ شدت خطرات و آسیب­های کم‌آبی، روش‌های سازگاری به منظور آشنایی با سهولت اجرای روش­ها و در نتیجه افزایش خودکارآمدی افراد می­تواند بروز رفتار سازگاری را بهبود بخشد. .

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Constraints affecting the farmers’ adaptation to water scarcity (The Case of Shushtar County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sedigheh Pakmehr 1
  • Masoud Yazdanpanah 2
  • Masoud Baradaran 2
1 M.Sc Student. Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor., Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Climate change is a threat to water security, water resources and access to water, and thus considered as one of the major threat to the agricultural sector. Farmers have different ability to implement adaptation strategies and that pecuniary and non-pecuniary costs affect human behavior. This study aimed to assess the factors influencing farmers’ adaptation to climate change in Shushtar County. The population of interest consisted of farmers in Shushtar County. According to Bartlett table, a total of 251 farmers were estimated as a sample size. Random sampling was used to draw a sample of farmers from the study area. Data were collected through personal interviews based on a structured questionnaire. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts. The reliability of the main scales of the questionnaires was examined by Cronbach Alpha coefficients, which ranged from 0.43 to 0.73. The results showed that the variable of self-efficacy and risk perception have a direct and positive effect on the variable of adaptation behavior. The results showed that the variable of self-protection has a direct effect on the variable of adaptation behavior. The variables of risk perception and self-efficacy have an indirect effect on the variable of adaptation behavior. Collectively, the suggested model is capable predict 35 percent of the variability adaptation behavior.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • climate change
  • water scarcity
  • adaptation
  • farmers
  • Shushtar County

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