The Journal of Community Development (Rural-Urban)

The Journal of Community Development (Rural-Urban)

Social factors affecting people's understanding of the causes of poverty in Isfahan city (Providing a model to measure the perception of poverty in Iran)

Document Type : ....

Author
Hasanreza Yosofvand
Department of Sociology, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran Email: yosofvand@pnu.ac.ir
10.22059/jrd.2023.363267.668808
Abstract
The issue of poverty has been the dominant discourse in Iran in the past decades; politicians often ascribe the cause and root of poverty to external factors and underestimate the role of internal factors in its spread. Understanding people's views about poverty can give social planners a better insight into the issue and their accepted values in order to reduce poverty. Therefore, the main goal of the present research is to identify the causes of poverty (i.e., deterministic, individualistic, structural) with reference to sociological and economic categories.
The research employed a quantitative method and was conducted as a survey. The statistical population was based is the city of Isfahan. The required data was collected from a sample of 397 people using a researcher-made questionnaire. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated using the SPSS and the pls structural equation model.
contextual variables and the dimensions of objective and subjective poverty were found to account for 0.97 of the changes in the understanding of poverty along the three dimensions of individualism, constructivism and individualism. The better the financial status of the households, the more the explanation of poverty based on individualistic factors.
Awareness of public opinion allows us to identify the image of socially marginalized people in our society as well as the kind of social policy criteria that the public considers legitimate. Proposed solutions to reduce poverty differ depending on whether people consider themselves to be objectively or mentally poor or non-poor.
Deterministic understanding, structuralist understanding, individualistic understanding, subjective poverty, objective poverty understanding, Isfahan city
Keywords
Deterministic understanding
structuralist understanding
individualistic understanding
subjective poverty
objective poverty understanding
Isfahan city
Subjects
  • Addae-Korankye, A. (2019). Theories of Poverty: A Critical Review. Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development, Vol.48( 2422-846X), 56-62
  • Anbari, Musa and Piri, Siddiqa (2015). Representation of poverty in Iranian historical texts and messages. Quarterly Journal of Social Science Theory of Muslim Thinkers, 6 (2), 201-226. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22059/jstmt.2018.233710.1105
  • Anbari, Musa and Piri, Siddiqa (2018). Genealogy of the discourse of the poor in Iran. Sociological studies, period 6 2 (1), 303-336(In Persian) 22059/jsr.2019.73929
  • Asen, R. (2002). Visions of Poverty: Welfare Policy and Political Imagination
  • Bradshaw, T. (2006). Theories of Poverty and Anti-Poverty Programs in Community Development
  • Bullock, H. E. (1999). Attributions for poverty: A comparison of middle-class and welfare recipient attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 29(10), 2059–2082 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb02295.x
  • Charles, M. (1984). Losing Ground American Social Policy, 1950-1980. Basic Books10 East 53rd Street, New York0-465-04233.
  • Cozzarelli, C. W., & Tagler, M. J. (2001). Attitudes toward the poor and attributions for poverty. Journal of Social Issues, 57(2),, 207–227 DOI:1111/0022-4537.00209
  • Davids, Y. D., & Gouws, ,. (2013). Monitoring perceptions of the causes of poverty in South Africa. Social Indicators Research, 110(3),., 1201–1220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-011-9980-9
  • Davis, K. &. (1945). Some Principles of Stratification. 10(2), 242-249. https://doi.org/10.2307/2085643
  • Davis, P. S.-M. (2014). A review of the economic theories of poverty. Discussion Paper,, 435.
  • Dehghani, Hamid (2018). Brigade of 15 urban areas of Isfahan with damage to the social damage of super malignant neighborhoods. Journal of Applied Sociology, 30(74), 117-136. (In Persian) 22108/jas.2018.112690.1472
  • Dodd, N. (2014). Sociology of money. United Kingdom.
  • Feigin, C. F. (1972). The measurement of attitudes towards poverty. 86(2), 221-228
  • Hamidian, Akram. (2016) Inequality, poverty, social exclusion. Tehran: Sociologists. (In Persian)
  • Harvey, D. (2012). Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution. Verso Books.
  • Harvey, D. (2017). Marx, Capital, and the Madness of Economic Reason
  • Harvey, D. (2017). Marx, Capital, and the Madness of Economic Reason
  • Harvey, D. (2017). Oxford University Press ISBN of 9780198801536
  • (2017). Marx, Capital, and the Madness of Economic Reason
  • Hashemi, Abdul Rasoul- Azkia Mostafi, Mousavi, Seyyed Yaqub (1401). Sociological study of urban poverty strategies for the city (case study: head of poor households in Tehran). Local Development Magazine (Rural-Urban), Volume 111(2), 5. - 528.22059/jrd.2023.346654.668749 (In Persian)
  • Herrnstein, R., & Murray, C. (1994). The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life. Free Free Simon & Schuster
  • Hunt, M. O. (Sep., 1996). The Individual, Society, or Both? A Comparison of Black, Latino, and White Beliefs about the. 75, No. 1, 293-322 DOI:1093/SF/75.1.293

·         Jaroslava Babjáková , Samar Issmailová , Peter Babinčák. (2021). Perceived causes of poverty in the context of objective poverty, subjective poverty and selected sociodemographic variablesČlovek a spoločnosť [Individual and Society], 2021, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 1-17. 10.31577/cas.2021.01.581

  • Kin, J. Y. (1968). The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis. Housing Policy Debate •Volume 3, Issue 2
  • Lachman, M. E., & Weaver, ,. (1998). The sense of control as a moderator of social class differences in health and well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology, 74(3), , 763–73.doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.74.3.763
  • Lewis, O. (1966). The Culture of Poverty. Vilnus University Journals, l 215. No. 4 pp, 19-25. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1066-19
  • Massey, D. (2007). World City. Polity Press، ISBN 9780745638156.
  • Merton's, R. (1938 and 1944). Social Structure and Anomie and Free Press. American Sociological Review and Social Theory and Social Structure
  • Mikko, N. (2008). Perceptions of the Causes of Poverty in Finland. ACTA SOCIOLOGICA, 51(1) https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699307086816
  • Mikulášková, G., & Adamkovič, M. (2018). The relationship between self-esteem, aggression and poverty. The relationship between self-esteem,aggression and povert, 21, č. 1, 2 31577/cas.2018.01.519
  • Morçöl, G. (1997). Lay explanations for poverty in Turkey and their determinants. The Journal of Social Psychology, 137(6),, 728–738 https://doi.org/10.1080/00224549709595494
  • motion Measures in Multiple Sclerosis Patients". Assessing Cognitive Impairment Using th NIHTB-CB and NIH Toolbox-Emotion Measures in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
  • Myrdal, G. (1944). American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy. New York : Harper & Brothers
  • Nasser, R. A. (2001). Perceptions of poverty and support for redistribution in the Middle EasT International Journal of Public Opinion Research,, 13(4), 419-432
  • Niemelä, M. (2008). Perceptions of the causes of poverty in Finland. 51(1), 23–40
  • Norcia, M. C. (2010). The process of causal attribution of poverty. Oida International Journal of Sustainable Development, 1(2), 85–97
  • Norcia, M., & Rissotto, A. (2015). Causal attributions for poverty in Italy: What do people think about Norcia and Rissotto /OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development8(7), 59–70
  • Nygard, & ea.al. (2017). Assessing Cognitive Impairment Using the NIHTB-CB and NIH Toolbox.
  • Objective poverty, subjective poverty and selected demographic variables. Individual and Society, 24(1), 1-17
  • Peck, J. (2016). Geographies of Policy: From Transfer to Mobility" was published in the journal "Public Policy and Administration. Public Policy and Administration, 259 - 277.
  • Piketty, T. (2013). Capital in the Twenty-First Century.
  • Piri Siddiqa and Nyusha Salehpour (1402). Actions of poverty alleviators of non-governmental organizations and the real life of the poor. Journal of Local Development (Rural-Urban), Volume 15(1), 135-152.22059/jrd.2023.363202.668806 (In Persian)
  • Ringle, C. M., , Wende, ,., & Becker , J.-M. (2022). SmartPLS 4
  • Rustai, Shahrivar, Karimzadeh, Hossein and Zadeh Vali and Fatemeh (2015). Spatial analysis of the spread of urban poverty in the city of Tabriz during the years 1375 to 1385. Amash Magazine, No. 22, 136-125. (In Persian)
  • Sameti, M. e. (2012). Theories of Poverty: A Comparative Analysis. 1, No.6
  • Sassen, S. (2014). Expulsions: Brutality and Complexity in the Global Economy. Harvard University Press ISBN of 9780674599222
  • Shek, D. T. (2004). Beliefs about the causes of poverty and psychological well-being of parents and adolescents experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong. The American Journal of Family Therapy,, 32(3), , 239–254
  • Smith, N. (2010). Uneven Development: Nature, Capital, and the Production of Space. Verso Books ISBN 9781844676828
  • Thomas Sowell. (1983 ). Economics and the Politics of Race. William Morrow & Associates Publishing
  • Yakışık, H., Dölarslan, & Zülfika, r. (2017). A new scale of poverty: How the officially recorded poor people in Turkey perceive themselves. Development Policy Review,, 35(2), 322–337